🧠 Routine Troubleshooting Tool

Short-term memory loss is usually one of the earliest signs of dementia. It typically appears in the early stage, when the person may forget recent conversations, misplace items, or ask the same question repeatedly.

Yes, having trouble finding the right words—especially names or familiar objects—is a common symptom in the early to middle stages of dementia. This is called anomia and it can make conversations frustrating for the person and their loved ones.

Absolutely. People with dementia often become disoriented in time, place, or identity, especially as the condition progresses. They might forget what day it is, get lost in familiar places, or confuse family members.

Yes. Dementia can lead to abrupt changes in personality or behavior, such as becoming more withdrawn, irritable, impulsive, or anxious. These changes are caused by the impact of dementia on brain regions that control mood and judgment.

Unusual behaviors can include pacing, hoarding, repeating words, shadowing caregivers, or even inappropriate social actions. These behaviors are the brain’s way of coping with confusion, fear, or sensory overload.

Yes. A sudden change in daily routine can lead to confusion, agitation, or anxiety. Familiar routines provide structure and comfort, especially for people with memory loss.

Sleep disturbances can happen at any stage, but they’re more common in the middle to late stages. This includes waking up often, napping during the day, or having reversed sleep patterns.

Non-drug approaches work best: establish a calming routine, reduce evening noise, use dim lighting, and encourage gentle activity during the day. If needed, consult a doctor about melatonin or medications, but only under close supervision.

Helpful activities include quiet music, folding laundry, sorting familiar objects, looking at photo albums, or gentle stretching. Avoid overstimulation and keep the environment calm and predictable in the late afternoon.

Wandering at night is often caused by disorientation, restlessness, or unmet needs like hunger or the need to use the bathroom. It can also be linked to sundowning, where symptoms worsen in the evening.

Anxiety may appear as pacing, repetitive questions, clinginess, or panic-like behavior. The person may feel unsafe or confused and seek constant reassurance or familiar routines.

Shadowing—when the person closely follows or clings to a caregiver—is common in the middle stage of dementia. It’s often driven by fear of being alone or not understanding what’s happening around them.

First, stay calm. Don’t argue. Identify possible triggers: is the person in pain, overstimulated, or afraid? Offer reassurance, keep things simple, and redirect attention to something comforting. If aggression persists, talk to a doctor.